Papilio machaon

The Old World swallowtail (Papilio machaon) is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. The butterfly is also known as the common yellow swallowtail or simply the swallowtail (a common name applied to all members of the family, but this species is the 'original', first to go by the name). It is the type species of the genus Papilio and occurs throughout the Palearctic region in Europe and Asia; it also occurs across North America, and thus, is not restricted to the Old World, despite the common name.

Canon 600D.

Sigma 50mm 2.8 Macro.

F.Stop: F/16.

Tempo de Exposição: 1/125

Velocidade de ISO: ISO-200.

Distancia Focal:50mm.

Chalcophora mariana

The Scots pine. 

Adults are 21-32 mm long. The body is flat and shiny. The head is broad with a groove on frons. Pronotum and elytrae are with parallel irregular ridges. The ventral side of the body is dark brown. The dorsal side is copper, metallic shiny. The larva is white, up to 70 mm long, legless.
Adults are active from May through July. During warm sunny days they are observed mainly on pine stumps in clear cut areas. Females oviposit eggs in bark crevices of stems or stumps. Larvae hatch after 2 weeks and excavate galleries of up to 15 mm in width. Flatted pupal chambers of 4x1.5 cm in size are directed along fibres. Adults emerge through exit holes of 1,0 x 0,5 mm in size. This species has one generation per 3 up to 6 years.
C. mariana infests mainly stumps, thus playing an important role in wood decomposition, however it sporadically can cause the damage of the wooden constructions (e.g. poles, fence and others that are in the contact with a soil).

Wolf spiders

Wolf spiders are members of the family Lycosidae, from the Ancient Greek word "λύκος" meaning "wolf". They are robust and agile hunters with excellent eyesight. They live mostly solitary and hunt alone. Some are opportunistic hunters pouncing upon prey as they find it or even chasing it over short distances. Some will wait for passing prey in or near the mouth of a burrow.
Wolf spiders resemble Nursery web spiders (family Pisauridae), but wolf spiders carry their egg sacs by attaching them to their spinnerets (Pisauridae carry their egg sacs with their chelicerae and pedipalps). Two of the Wolf spider's eight eyes are large and prominent, which distinguishes them from the Nursery web spiders whose eyes are all of approximately equal size. This can also help distinguish them from grass spiders.

Canon 600D.

Sigma 50mm 2.8 Macro.

F.Stop: F/16.

Tempo de Exposição: 1/125

Velocidade de ISO: ISO-200.

Distancia Focal:50mm.

Empis sp

Empididae are small to medium-sized flies, rarely large (1.0 to 15.0mm.).The body is slender,or elongated and rarely thickset. The colour ranges from yellow to black, and they may be pollinose or lustrous, but never have a metallic gloss. The head is often small and rounded with relatively large eyes.The eyes of the male and (rarely) the female may be contiguous (holoptic). The antenna usually have three segments of which the third is the largest and bears a long or short, usually apical arista or style.The eyes often have an incision (notch) at the level of the antennae.The proboscis is often long and in several genera powerful and piercing. If the mouthparts are strongly elongate they project forward or downward toward the fore legs. Some species have short mouthparts. The legs are usually long and slender but often powerful and in some cases the fore legs are raptorial, adapted to catching and holding prey.The wings are clear or partially tinged and, in some species, with a stigma spot,or with a distinct pattern. Radial vein R4+5 is often forked and the discal-medial cell (dm) is almost always present. The venation of the wings in minute species is often simplified. The posteror part of the wings on the basal side of the anal vein bears the designation of axillary or anal lobe. In species with a highly developed axillary lobe, the margin may form an angle with the margin of the alula.This is termed the axillary angle, the size of which is often a good diagnostic feature.
The larvae have an incomplete head capsule incomplete (hemicephalic) which is often retracted into the thorax 8-segmented abdomen with paired parapods on abdominal segments 1 - 7 or 1 - 8. The posterior spiracles are quite widely separated and the anal segment is frequently lobed. The pupae is without a puparium.

Canon 600D.

Sigma 50mm 2.8 Macro.

F.Stop: F/14.

Tempo de Exposição: 1/160.

Velocidade de ISO: ISO-200.

Distancia Focal:50mm.

Apis sp

Apis sp are very vigorous and active at temperatures where other subspecies of bees are not leaving the hive, supporting long, cold winters. They have a length of the forewings with an average of 9.226 mm and 3.098 mm  while the width of the subspecies Apis sp is 9.381 mm and 3.0293 mm respectively. The first description of this bee of the Iberian Peninsula was published in the magazine Bee World, made by B. Adam. F. Ruttner described it in his book "Biogeography and Taxonomy of Honeybees." in base to the description of B. Adam, but like several authors prior to him (e.g., Goetze, 1964) erroneously equated this bee with the subspecies proposed by Skorikov (1929) as Apis mellifera iberica (Skorikov, however, proposed the name for a subspecies occurring in the Caucasus and based the name on the ancient Greco-Roman designation for the Georgian Kingdom, Caucasian Iberians existing there in antiquity). Thus, the name as employed by Ruttner was an error, leaving Apis mellifera iberiensis as the only valid name for this race of honey bees. B.Adam collect their views on a trip he made in 1959 by Spain and Portugal.

Canon 600D.

Sigma 50mm 2.8 Macro.

F.Stop: F/14.

Tempo de Exposição: 1/160.

Velocidade de ISO: ISO-200.

Distancia Focal:50mm.

Lucilia sericata

The common green bottle fly (biological name Phaenicia sericata or Lucilia sericata) is a blow fly found in most areas of the world, and the most well-known of the numerous green bottle fly species. It is 10–14 mm long, slightly larger than a house fly, and has brilliant, metallic, blue-green or golden coloration with black markings. It has short, sparse black bristles (setae) and three cross-grooves on the thorax. The wings are clear with light brown veins, and the legs and antennae are black. The maggots (larvae) of the fly are used for maggot therapy.

 Canon 600D.
Sigma 50mm 2.8 Macro.
F.Stop: F/14.
Tempo de Exposição: 1/160.
Velocidade de ISO: ISO-200.
Distancia Focal:50mm.

Mantis religiosa

Mantis religiosa, with the common name praying mantis, and outside Europe the European mantis, is an insect in the family Mantidae. It is one of the most well-known and widespread species of the order Mantodea, the Mantis. It is an example of a common name for a single insect species becoming used for a larger group of related species. "Mantis" now refers to the insect order Mantodea, and the other families, genera, and species within it. Mantis religiosa is native to Europe, Asia, and Africa. It was introduced to North America in 1899 on a shipment of nursery plants from southern Europe. Now it is found from the Northeastern United States to the Pacific Northwest, and across Canada.

Canon 600D.

 Sigma 50mm 2.8 macro.

 F-stop: F-13.

 Tempo de exposição: 1/100.

 Distancia focal: 50mm Velocidade ISO: 200

Paper wasp

The European paper wasp (Polistes dominula, often misspelled as dominulus) is one of the more common and well-known species of social wasps in the genus Polistes. Its diet is more versatile than that of most Polistes species (many genera of insects versus mainly caterpillars in other Polistes), making it superior over many others during the shortage of resources. The dominant females (queens) are the principal egg layers, while the subordinate females ("auxiliaries") primarily forage and do not lay eggs. This hierarchy is not permanent, however; when the queen (alpha-female) is removed from the nest, the second-most dominant female (beta-female) displaces the role of the previous queen.Dominance in females is determined by the severity of the scattered-ness in the coloration of the clypeus (face), whereas dominance in males is shown by the variation of spots of their abdomens. Polistes dominula is far from being extinct or even being in danger due to their exceptional survival features such as productive colony cycle, short development time, higher ability to endure predator attacks and many more. Polistes dominula wasps have a lek-based mating system. Unlike most social insects, 35% of Polistes dominula wasps in a colony are unrelated. It is considered an invasive species in Canada and the United States.

Canon 600D.

 Sigma 50mm 2.8 macro.

 F-stop: F-13.

 Tempo de exposição: 1/100.

 Distancia focal: 50mm Velocidade ISO: 200

Red palm weevil

The red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, is a species of snout beetle also known as the Asian palm weevil or sago palm weevil. The adult beetles are relatively large, ranging between two and five centimeters long, and are usually a rusty red colour - but many colour variants exist and have often been misidentified as different species (e.g., Rhynchophorus vulneratus;). Weevil larvae can excavate holes in the trunk of a palm trees up to a metre long, thereby weakening and eventually killing the host plant. As a result, the weevil is considered a major pest in palm plantations, including the coconut palm, date palm and oil palm. Originally from tropical Asia, the red palm weevil has spread to Africa and Europe, reaching the Mediterranean in the 1980s. It was first recorded in Spain in 1994, and in France in 2006. Additional infestations have been located in Malta and Italy (Tuscany, Sicily and Campania). It is also well established throughout most of Portugal, especially in the South. Researchers also suspect that it has established in Morocco, Algeria and other North African countries, but there remains no official confirmation. The weevil was first reported in the Americas on Curaçao in January 2009 and sighted the same year in Aruba. It was reported in the United States at Laguna Beach, CA late in 2010.

 Canon 600D.

 Sigma 50mm 2.8 macro.

 F-stop: F-10.

 Tempo de exposição: 1/160 Distancia focal: 50mm.

 Velocidade ISO: 200

Lixus angustatus

Lixus angustatus is a species of weevil found in Europe (including the Iberian Peninsula) and the Mediterranean Basin. The general size of the weevil is about 5.5 mm. 

The coloration of the weevil is brown and green. Hastings Country Park produced the last British records of this species and it is now considered to no longer breed in Britain.
 Canon 600D.
 Sigma 50mm 2.8 macro.
 F-stop: F-10 .
Tempo de exposição: 1/160.
 Distancia focal: 50mm Velocidade.
 ISO: 200

Empusa pennata

Empusa pennata generally has large and thin body along with a great flying apparatus by their pair of wings and light body mass. Also, they are mostly found in perennial herbs and scrubs. There are three ways for insects to find mates: chemical, acoustic, and visual signals. Cryptic coloration is significant to some predatory insects like Mantids, which is used to protect themselves from predators and to capture their prey.
 Canon 600D.
 Sigma 50mm 2.8 macro.
 F-stop: F-16.
 Tempo de exposição: 1/125.
 Distancia focal: 50mm.
 Velocidade ISO: 200

Pollenia

The cluster flies are the genus Pollenia in the blowfly family Calliphoridae. Unlike more familiar blow flies, such as the bluebottle genus Phormia, they do not present a health hazard because they do not lay eggs in human food. They are strictly parasitic on earthworms; the females lay their eggs near earthworm burrows, and the larvae then infest the worms. However, the flies are a nuisance; when the adults emerge in the late summer or autumn, they enter houses to hibernate, often in large numbers; they are difficult to eradicate because they favour inaccessible spaces such as roof and wall cavities. They are often seen on windows of little-used rooms. They are also sometimes known as attic flies. Canon 600D.
 Canon 18-55 with extensiom tubes.
 F-stop: F-16.
 Tempo de exposição: 1/80.
 Distancia focal: 50mm .
Velocidade ISO: 200

Sympetrum fonscolombii (Male)

S. fonscolombii is similar to other Sympetrum species but a good view with binoculars should give a positive identification, especially with a male. Males have a red abdomen, redder than many other Sympetrum species. The wings have red veins and the wing bases of the hind-wings are yellow. The pterostigma are pale with a border of black veins and the underside of the eye is blue/grey. The female is similar but the abdomen is yellow, not red, and the wings have yellow veins, not red veins as found in the males. The legs of both sexes are mostly black with some yellow. Immature males are like females but often with more red. Male S. fonscolombii can be mistaken for Crocothemis erythraea as both are very red dragonflies with yellow bases to the wings, red veins and pale pterostigma. However C. erythraea has no black on the legs, a broader body and no black on the head. Also C. erythraea females do not oviposit in tandem. The jizz of these two species is different and with some experience are easy to tell apart
Canon 600D
Sigma 50mm 2.8 macro
F-stop: F-10
Tempo de exposição: 1/160
Distancia focal: 50mm
Velocidade ISO: 200

Sympetrum fonscolombii (Female)

S. fonscolombii is similar to other Sympetrum species but a good view with binoculars should give a positive identification, especially with a male. Males have a red abdomen, redder than many other Sympetrum species. The wings have red veins and the wing bases of the hind-wings are yellow. The pterostigma are pale with a border of black veins and the underside of the eye is blue/grey. The female is similar but the abdomen is yellow, not red, and the wings have yellow veins, not red veins as found in the males. The legs of both sexes are mostly black with some yellow. Immature males are like females but often with more red. Male S. fonscolombii can be mistaken for Crocothemis erythraea as both are very red dragonflies with yellow bases to the wings, red veins and pale pterostigma. However C. erythraea has no black on the legs, a broader body and no black on the head. Also C. erythraea females do not oviposit in tandem. The jizz of these two species is different and with some experience are easy to tell apart.

 Canon 600D.
 Sigma 50mm 2.8 macro.
 F-stop: F-14.
 Tempo de exposição: 1/100.
 Distancia focal: 50mm.
 Velocidade ISO: 100

Tabanidae

Horse-fly is the most widely used English common name for members of the family Tabanidae. Apart from the common name "horse-flies", broad categories of biting, bloodsucking Tabanidae are variously known as breeze flies, cleggs, klegs, or clags, deer flies, gadflies, or zimbs. In some areas of Canada, they also are known as bull dog flies, and in Newfoundland and Labrador as stouts. In Australia some species are known as "March flies", a name that in other English-speaking countries refers to the non-bloodsucking Bibionidae..
  Stacking from 25 photos.
 Canon 600D.
 Canon 18-55 with extension tubes.
 F-stop: F-16 .
Tempo de exposição: 1/125.
 Distancia focal: 50mm .
Velocidade ISO: 100

Papilio machaon

The Old World swallowtail (Papilio machaon) is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. The butterfly is also known as the common yellow swallowtail or simply the swallowtail (a common name applied to all members of the family, but this species is the 'original', first to go by the name). It is the type species of the genus Papilio and occurs throughout the Palearctic region in Europe and Asia; it also occurs across North America, and thus, is not restricted to the Old World, despite the common name.
 Canon 600D.
 Sigma 50mm 2.8 macro.
 F-stop: F-14.
 Tempo de exposição: 1/160.
 Distancia focal: 50mm.
 Velocidade ISO: 200

Anax imperator

The Emperor dragonfly or blue emperor (Anax imperator) is a large species of hawker dragonfly of the family Aeshnidae, averaging 78 millimetres (3.1 in) in length. It is found mainly in Europe and nearby Africa and Asia. They frequently fly high up into the sky in search of prey, which includes butterflies, Four-spotted Chasers and tadpoles; small prey is eaten while flying. They breed in a variety of aquatic habitats from large ponds to dykes, but they require a plentiful supply of vegetation in the water. The females lay the eggs into plants such as pondweed, and always lay alone. The male is highly territorial, and difficult to approach.
 Canon 600D.
 Sigma 50mm 2.8 macro.
 F-stop: F-14.
 Tempo de exposição: 1/100.
 Distancia focal: 50mm.
 Velocidade ISO: 100

Anax parthenope

A. parthenope is smaller and less colourful than the Anax imperator. In general appearance, especially when seen on the wing, A. parthenope is similar to A. imperator but A. parthenope tends to hold its abdomen straighter than A. imperator. A large dragonfly seen in flight with a bent abdomen is most likely to be A. imperator rather than A. parthenope. A. parthenope has a blue saddle at S2 and S3 which can be seen in flight which is in contrast to the rest of the abdomen which is brown. There is a yellow rin at the base of S2. The eyes are green. It is similar to A. ephippiger although A. ephippiger is slightly smaller and slenderer and its blue saddle does not wrap around S2 but is mostly blue on top. A. ephippiger has brown eyes. A. parthenope showing blue S2 and S3 and green eyes Distribution and habitat Occurs in much of southern and central Europe including most Mediterranean islands, across Asia to Japan and China, and north Africa. It has been found on the Canary islands and the Madeira archipelago. It is spreading north and was first seen in Great Britain in 1996 where it has since bred.
 Canon 600D.
 Sigma 50mm 2.8 macro.
 F-stop: F-14.
 Tempo de exposição: 1/100.
 Distancia focal: 50mm.
 Velocidade ISO: 100